Kristal Farms is designed around a simple principle: cooling should not waste water, and heat should not be rejected by default.
This page explains what the cooling and water system delivers—efficiency, safety, and predictable compliance—without turning into a mechanical engineering manual.
Use cold climate conditions and simple heat-exchange building blocks so the system stays stable, efficient, and maintainable.
Avoid evaporative cooling towers. The intent is near-zero ongoing water consumption for cooling, with closed-loop operation.
Strict discharge temperature limits, continuous monitoring, and designed operating modes that prioritize compliance over compute throughput.
Heat-first hierarchy: reuse → store → reject.
Cooling exists, but heat recovery is the default (district heat + greenhouse support).
Heat-first design →
Closed loops, separated by heat exchangers:
The compute cooling loop and the community heating loop remain physically separated. Heat is transferred through non-contact plate heat exchangers.
No “mystery mixing”:
Bay/seawater (when used as a heat sink) is kept on its own loop, separated by appropriate materials and interfaces.
Fail-safe behavior beats maximum utilization:
If the system cannot prove compliant operation, it should degrade safely—not silently run hotter, dump heat, or improvise.
Only after reuse + storage, remaining heat is rejected through compliant modes (e.g., via a bay/seawater loop through a non-contact exchanger, or dry coolers as backup).
The objective is to avoid evaporative cooling towers (which consume water continuously). Instead:
In practice, this keeps water use low and makes compliance easier to verify.
A responsible cooling system is one you can audit.
We treat environmental constraints as operating rules:
Detailed safety and environmental controls live on the dedicated page:
Environment & safety →
